Drawing-press



R. 8. SMITH.

DRAWING PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED J.ULY 16, I917.

Patented Apr. 27, 1920,

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Q EJ4WITNE SSEE%:%% INVENTOR.

W; W %M ATTORNEY! R... S. SMITH.

DRAWING PRESS.

AFPLICATION FILED JULY 16, 1917.

Patented Apr. 27, 1920.

5 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

WITNESSES: 'INVENTOR WM P/(2% $w$ H BY 5M ATTORNEY? R. 8. SMITH.

DRAWING PRESS. APPLICATION FILED JULY 6.19m

Patented Apr. 27, 1920.

5 SHEETSSHEET 3.

INVENTOR E ua WITNESSES W ATTOR N EY! R. S. SMITH.

DRAWING PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 16, I9I7.

Patented Apr. 27, 1920.

5 SHEETSSHEET 4.

R, 8. SMITH.

DRAWING PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 15,1917.

1,338,335. a e ted Apr. 27, 1920.

5 SHEETSSHEET 5- IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII/(IIIIII/IIIIIII/III/l/IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII WITNESSES: INVENTOR ATTORNEY? REUBEN STANLEY SMITH,OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

DRAWING-PRESS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr, 2'7, 1920.

Application filed July 16, 1917. Serial No. 180,758.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, REUBEN STANnEY SMITH, acitizen of the United States, residing at Milwaukee, county ofMilwaukee, and State of Wisconsin, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Drawing-Presses, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to improvements in drawing presses.

The primary object of my invention is to provide a form of press inwhich the mov able working member, or members, may be actuated at aspeed and with a degree of power suited to the requirements of the workin any given stage of the cycle of operations, whereby a working member,(either punch or matrix), may be quickly advanced from its workreceiving position to a point near the work engaging position, thenretarded and caused to slowly come into engagement with the work, thenallowed to dwell without movement, if desired, then again advanced at aspeed suitable for a working operation and with adequate power for suchan'operation, then allowed to again dwell without movement, if desired,and then quickly retracted to the initial position, and again allowed todwell, if desired, pending the commencement of a second cycle ofoperations.

More particularly, my primary object is to provide means whereby themotion of a movable work shaping member, or set of members, may beindependently developed from a plurality of simple crank or eccentricmechanisms which are independently driven and which may be arranged andoperated in such a manner that the developed movements may either beadded in the work shaping member, or members, or, if desired, in such amanner that one such mechanism drives one working member of the press,

and the other another working member, and whereby such movements may bedeveloped, in whole or in part, in sequence and to any desired extentsimultaneously.

This primary object of my invention also includes the provisionof meanswhereby the various movements and stages of movement may beautomatically controlled and developed in a predetermined order or cycleof operations, and whereby all parts of the actuating and controllingmechanism, which require adjustment or the attention of operatives, maybe located exterior to the frame of the press proper, or at leastsufficiently distant from the crank mechanisms and work shaping membersto facilitate readjustments or repairs and to allow the same to beaccomplished without in any way affecting the adjustments of the workingparts of the press.

Heretofore drawing presses have ordinarlly been so constructed that-themovable work shaping member (plunger or matrix), engages the work whiletraveling at considerable speed. Therefore, the clamping operation mustnot only be performed instantaneously, vbut the inertia of the opposingmember of the clamp or .work supporting member must be instantlyovercome and the drawing operation must simultaneously be commenced, thetotal effect being that of striking the work with a hammer blow toeffect the clamping operation and force the work into the matrix. Insuch machines, it is not only necessary to support said clamping memberim work holding position up to the instant that the clamping operationtakes place and then instantly develop motion therein corresponding inspeed with the 'movement of the work shaping member, but

it is also necessary to support the clamping member in such a mannerthatit cannot recoil and release the clamping pressure upon the work. Forthese reasons, great difi'iculties have been'experienced in thepractical operation of drawing presses for heavy stock or for largeblanks. Further, it has been found'that by suddenly commencing thedrawing" operation, with the work shapingmember moving at maximum speed,suflicient time is not allowed for molecular displacement, and seriousdeterioration re sultsin the strength of the material; ,In drawingpresses as ordinarilyconstructed, it has beenimpossible to overcomethese difii culties, except by. operating the driving mechanism at sucha "slow speed that the commercial value of'the press is seriouslyimpaired, v The above mentionedflifficulties have heredrawing presses inwhich the movable 'wc'irk shaping member is operated from K a crankshaft, for. the reason-that the "crank imparts the most rapid motion tothe movable mem: her, in the intermediate portion of'its stroke, .themovement being retarded as the' crank approaches the so calledt'deadfcent'er line.

tofore been particularly" pronounced in it The work clamping operation,therefore, takes place when the crank is transmitting motion withconsiderable speed, for it must thereafter transmit motion equal to thedepth of the matrix before reaching the dead center line. The workclamping and the initial drawing operation, together with the initialjoint movement of the clamping members in the same direction, whilemaintaining continuous clamping pressure, must take place virtuallysimultaneously, and this creates a critical stage in the operation ofthe press, imposing great strains upon the working parts, and requiringadjustments to a degree of nicety almost beyond the range of what ispractically possible.

Attempts have also been made to avoid these difiiculties by substitutingcomplex power transmitting mechanism for the simple crank movementsordinarily employed in drawing presses to develop the motion of theplunger or punch, and in some instances it hasbeen attempted to designthe be lifted to approximately the to level of the placing the blanks,and whereb press in such a manner that, by actuatin the plunger or punchduring one stage 0 the operation and then actuating the die or matrixduring another stage, the movement of one member maybe utilized toeffeet the clamping operation, while the movement of the other membereffects the drawing operation. But such mechanisms as heretoforeconstructed, greatly com licate the press and increase the difliculty 0pro erly inserting the blanks, it being desirab e that the matrix bestationary, whereby it may. be provided with gages to facilitate otherattachments, suchfor example, as lank feeding devices may be utilized.

nmy construction it is possible to have the knock out plate, orauxiliary clamping member,-positioned at the same height as the top ofthe matrix to receive the work, and this is a factor of considerableimportance, since otherwise (where it is necessary to have the knock outplate positioned above the matrix)T it is exceedingly diflicult to placethe work and also to provide a satisfactory way of attaching gages orpositioning devices I therefore prefer to employ a rigidly supported,stationary matrix, and a movable clamping knock out plate which maymatrix to receive the work, an which may move downwardly within thematrix co.- incidentally with the movement of the plunger or punch. Ialso prefer to provide means for retracting the plun er or punch beforethe work is delivered from the matrix by the knock out plate, sinceotherwise it is necessary to em loy a stripper plate tore'move the blankrom the punch.

M invention contemplates the use of two cran shafts, or sets of cranks,so arranged that the motion developed by one set will be added to thatdeveloped by the other set, and so actuated that one crank shaft or setof cranks will perform a half revolution and develop suflicient motionin the movable work shaping member to bring it to full clamping positionwith slow movement, which ceases as the crank reaches the dead centerline. Thereupon the second, or work shaping, stage will be performed bya half revolution of the other crank shaft, or set of cranks, duringwhich, the motion of the Work shaping member is slowly accelerated,reaching the maximum speed during the intermediate portion or stage ofthe drawing operation, and again retarded during the finalstage as thecrank ag'ain'approaches the dead center line. The cranks of therespective sets may be actuated in alternate half turn movements. Themovable work shaping member, therefore, practically comes to rest, (andmay be permitted to completely come to rest), upon clamping the work andpreparatory to the commencement of the drawing operation, the maximumpower of the first mentioned crank is exerted for the clampingoperation, whereas the second crank develops its maximum power in theinitial sta es of the drawing operation and again in t e final stage.The movements of the cranks are, however, so far independent that themotion of the sec ond crank may be commenced at any desired stage of themovement'of the first crank, and the bearings of each may beindependently ad'usted toward or away from the matrix.

y invention also has for its object, the perfection of means forexerting great pressure upon the side walls of the matrix, during thefinal work shaping operation, the side walls of the matrix beinginwardly movable under such pressure fora short distance and with acomparatively quick thrust or blow upon the work, whereby the latter isforced to more perfectly conform to the contour of the matrix cavity andwhereby inequalities or irregularities may be ressed out.

urther, my invention contemplates a reduction in the number ofparts of adrawing press to a minimum and the location of controlling devices andpower transmitting parts at exterior points where access may be readilyhad and re airs made without dismanthng or inter ering with theadjustments of the press itself.

- In drawing presses as heretofore constructed, the actuating gears andconnections therefrom to the operating parts of the. press have usuallybeen arranged above the floor line with reference to which the press isset. In particular, the shaft carrying the eccentrics for actuating thepunch or male member of the set of dies has been arranged at the top ofthe press, and the trains of gears between the driving shaft and thesaid eccentric shaft have been placed at the ends of the press and atthe rear side thereof. This arrangement of gears has constituted asource of danger to the workmen and has necessitated the provision ofguards to prevent accident, and has interfered with access to theoperating parts of the press from all sides. Again, the location of theparts at the top of the press has rendered their adjustment moredifficult by reason of their lack of read accessibility. But by placingall of suc parts below the floor level, as in my present construction,the bed of 'the press with the matrix is accessible from all'sideswithout' any interference from the Operating mechanism, and the work maybe handled with the greatest facility. At the same time, the dangersheretofore existing are entirely removed, and the driving connectionsare within easy reach for adjustment. The provisionsfor exertingpressure upon the side walls of the matrix to impart a more perfectcontour to the article drawn 7 into shape by the dies, involves a newarcommon to the axis of the crank shafts, but

releasing position.

rangement of the matrix with reference to the bed of the press, In priorconstructions, the matrix has beenplaced upon and secured to the bed,but in my improved press the matrix is set into the bed, so that theface of the latter is formed with a flush surface, or table top, uponwhich the work may be handled with increased facility. The mechanismswhich I employ for giving lateral movement to the sides of the matrix,so as to apply a squeezing pressure to the work being drawn into shape,are arranged within the bed and below the surface thereof, so that noobstruction is present when. the blanks are fed to the press and theshaped bars formed from such blanks by the members 03 and e simila'grlyconnected with diesof the press are withdrawn.

In the drawings,.. Figure 1 is an end elevation of my 'improved presswith the side bumping or lateral pressure applying mechanism removed.Fig. 2 is a sectional view drawn to "a plane showing the gearing andupper portion of tlie press in full.'

' Fig. .3 is a detail view in vertical section, illustrating the sidebumping apparatus in Fig. 4 is a'detail view of stripping mechanism,which may be employed to remove the work from'the punch. 'Fig. 5 is amotion diagram.

Fig. 6"is. an enlarged detail view in side elevation of thetiming-mechanism; j.

Figs. 7, 8, 9, and 10 ar'e fragmentary views on a still largerscaleshowlng parts of the timing mechanism, Fig. 8 showing a portion of thewheel 98 as viewed from left to right in Fig. 6, and partly in sectiondrawn generally on line 8-8 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 11 is a development of the timing drum showing the relation of theadjustable cam lugs to each other.

Fig; 12 is a motion diagram of the timing mechanism.

Fig. 13 is a sectional view illustrating my is applied to a form ofpress having-an exterior blank holder, or clamping member,

through which the punchloperates.

Like parts are identified by the same reference characters throughoutthe several views.

In the specific embodiment of my invention illustrated in the drawings,the driving mechanism is located below the work shaping members, thelatter comprising, in Fig. 1, merely the matrix or die 1 and the plungeror 'punch 2. The matrix is illustrated as the stationary member, thisbeing mounted upon a table 3 carried at the upper end of a main frame 4;The plunger 2 is the movable work shaping member. It is supported froma. vertically movable frame 6, composed ofend cross heads or bars a andb respectively, connected with each-other by rods 0, having threadedends and clamping nuts 0, whereby the length of the frame may bevariedby adjusting the nuts. This frame is supported to slide within a carrierframe 8, composed of cross heads or end each other by rods f, and alsohavif1g threaded ends and clam-ping nuts, )3, whereby the length of theframe may be varied.

This carrier frame is guided in main frame bearings at 9.

The rods c of frame 6 extend through guide bearings in the member 03 ofthe carrier frame 8 and. frame 6 is suspended from said member d, by.ashaft 10, journaled the carrier: frame and provided with eccentrics.12, operating Within connecting members 13 pivotally secured to-thelower or membersfl' 3 to raise and lower frame 6 relatively tolframe8z'I v Both frames, however, may besimultaneously actuated in. a verticaldirection a from ,a shaft .20,-

ournaled in the 'mainframel and provided with eccentrics 21 operatingwithin connecting members or arms 22, the depending extremities of whichare pivoted to cross head 6 of the carrier frame 8. When this shaft 20is rotated, motion will be transmitted through the carrier frame 8 tocorrespondingly raise and lower shaft 10, which carries with it theplunger supporting frame.

With the above described construction, it is obvious that, when theparts are in the position shown in Fig. 1, if shaft 10 be rotated aone-half turn, frame 6 will be depressed by the eccentrics 12sufliciently to bring the plunger into contact with the work or blank A,thereby clamping the blank between the plunger 2 and a clamping plate25, supported withinthe matrix by rods 26 connected with frame 8. If therotation of shaft 10 be then stopped upon completing its half turnmovement, the work will be held in the described position without havingentered the matrix. thereupon also rotated a, one-half turn from theposition in which it is illustrated in Fig.

. 1, the carrier frame 8 will be moved downwardly, carrying shaft 10with it, and transmitting a further downward movement through said shaft10 to the frame 6 and plunger 2, the plunger beifig now accompanied inits movement by clamping plate 25, which is connected with the carrierframe 8 as above explained. This movement forces the work into thematrix 1 for a shaping operation.

After the shaping operation, shaft 10 may be again rotated a one-halfturn, thereby transmitting motion through its eccentrics 12 to raise theframe 6 and withdraw plunger 2 from the matrix. Subsequently, a secondhalf turn of. shaft 20 will lift the carrier frame 8, thereby alsolifting frame 6 and plunger 2 to its ori 'nal position, as illustratedin Fig. 1, and a o lifting clamping plate 25 to the Fi 1 position, saidplate thus performin the unction of a knock out plate to lift t e-shapedblank from the matrix. a j

Actuating mechanism.

Both of the shafts 10 and 20 respectivel may be actuated from a maindriving sha adapted totransmit motion through suitable motiontransmitting connections to the respective shafts 10 *and 20. Clutchmechanism may-be employed to connect up either shaft and its .motiontransmittin connections with themain driving sha 30, and to disconnecttheigears of the other train, Shaft 30 may, if desired, be continuouslydriven, and the. clutch mechanism may be automatically shifted, wherebythe shafts 10 and 20 may be operated in predetermined timed relation toeach other, and the speed of each may conform to the requirements of Butif shaft '20 be the work, since the relative speed of either shaftdepends upon the character of its own power transmitting connections.

For example, motion may be transmitted I from shaft 30 to shaft 10through gear wheels 33 and 34, pinion 35, gear wheel 36, inion 37, andgear wheels 38, 39, and 40. he shafts which carry the gear wheels 36,and 38, and pinion 37 are journaled in a swinging frame 43. The shaftwhich carries gear wheel 39 is journaled in connecting frame 45 whichoperatesas a link frame having its respective ends hung upon shaft 10and shaft 46, the latter serving also as a p'v ot shaft to connectswinging frame 43 with the link frame 45. With this construction, shaftlO may be moved vertically by the carrier frame 8 without disengagingits driving gears.

The main driving shaft 30 may also transm'it motion to shaft 20 throu hear wheels 48 and 49, pinion 50, gear w ee 51,- pinion 52, and gearwheel 53, the latter being fast on shaft 20. Shaft 20 is mounted infixed bearings in frame 4, and therefore it is not necessary to mountthe transmitting gears on swinging frames as is the case with the Sidebumping apparatus.

In the construction illustrated, the matrix comprises two separablesections 55 and 56, the bottom walls of which are preferably formed-tointeract. The interacting sections of these walls are adapted to slidetoward and awe from each other upon a table 54. Suitab e fillerblocks'58 and lining members 58' are referably employed within thematrix. he sections 55 and 56 of the shoe are provided with extensions57 in which tog le members 59 are loosely socketed. 8%) matrix, areprovided with cam shaped toggle members 61, loosel engaging the togglemembers 59, the members 61 being pre erably loosely interlocked inrounded afts 60, one on each side of the sockets in the toggle members59. An oscillatory motionis transmitted to the shafts 60 from the mainactuating shaft 30 through -gear 'wheels 65 and 66, crank 67, rod 68,bell crank 69, rod 70, toggl: links 71 and .7 2,

ing operation. of the punch has been performed, the side walls of thematrix may be pressed inwardly by actuating gear wheel 65 a one-halfturn.

Timing and clutch mechanism. To automatically start and stop the punchear wheel 65 is inclutch connecactuating cranks, and the side bumpingmechanism, whereby each may operate during a definite interval in propersequence, I preferably employ means for automatically shifting a set ofclutches on shaft 30, whereby the several trains .of gears,'abovedescribed, may. be set in operation and the motion stopped at the propertime, brakes being employed, if desired.

In Figs. 6 to 10 inclusive, I have illustrated timing apparatus suitablefor my purpose, but it is not intended thereby to indicate that' this orany automatic mechanism is essentialto my invention, it not being myintention to limit the scope of my invention to a structure whichincludes automatic or any specific form of control, the automaticcontrol being regarded as a desirable, but not an essential feature. Inthe construction illustrated, gear wheels 33,48

and 65, constituting the driving gears of therespective trains whichoperate shafts 10 and 20 of the crank motion mechanisms,

and shaft 60 of the side bumping mecha-' nism respectively, are eachprovided with a clutch at 80, one of the members of which is adapted tobe shifted by a lever 81, mo-

- tion for shifting the clutchinto and out of motion transmittingposition being derived from a timing drum 82, provided with clutchactuating sets of cams 83 and 84 respectively. Each of the cams 83 isadapted to actuate a lever 88 in one direction and thereby transmitmotion to a clutch 80 through said lever 88, link 90 and one of thelevers 81 connected to such clutch. Cams 84- actuate levers 88 in theopposite direction. In the construction illustrated, cam

' 84 will, in each case, set one of the clutches 80 in'releasingposition and cam 83 will set the clutch in motion transmitting position.

After a clutch has been setin motion transmitting position, it will, ofcourse, remain in such position until drum 82 has been revolvedsufficiently to bring a cooperating cam 84 into position for actuatinglever 88. Each of the cams 83 and 84 is. secured by clamping bolts 93 inits proper position upon the timing drum 82, the heads of said boltsbeing engaged in undercut channels 94 formed in the periphery of thedrum.

Timing drum 82 is actuated as follows: When gear wheel 33 is connectedby its coacting clutch 80 with the driving shaft 30,

its motion will be transmitted to the shaft 95 of the timing drumthrough a train of gears 96, 97 and 98. Gear wheel 98 is-loose on shaft95, but is provided with an internal segmental channel 100, the ends, ofwhich are separated by a shoulder 101 adapted to engage a projecting pin102 socketed ln the shaft upon -a compression spring 103. Shoulder 101has one side inclined as indicated at 104, whereby shaft 95 may be 11 1-dependently rotated in the direction 1nd1- cated by the arrow in Fig. 8to carry pin 102 past shoulder '101 without actuating gear wheel 98.This, however, will not occur in ordinary practice, for the reason thatthe independent movements of the shaft will, in the construction shown,be less than a full turn in the aggregate, the drum representing a fullcycle of all movements as hereinafter explained.

When the drum is being actuated through gear wheel 98- the latter willrevolve in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 8, and shoulder101 will engage pin 102, and turn the shaft. But when the drum and shaft95 is being actuated through any of the other gear trains now to bedescribed, the shaft 95 will rotate independently of gear wheel 98 inthe direction indicated by said arrow, and will not actuate gear wheel98. This will be true regardless of the degree of shaft rotation, forthe reason that the clutch pin 102 would yield and pass over 1 theinclined face 104 of the shoulder 101- if the shaft were rotated farenough to bring the pin to that shoulder. Therefore, the shaft may beindependently actuated through several different motion transmittingagencies to advance the drum withwhen the timing drum is in position toconnect up gear wheel 33 with the source of power, that gear wheel willrevolve until shoulder 101 engages pin 102, and will then actuate thedrum until its associated clutch 80 is disengaged.

Similarly, motion may be transmitted from gear wheel 48 to shaft and thetiming drum through the train of gears 110, 111, and 112. Motion mayalso be transmitted from gear wheel 65 to shaft 95 through the train ofgears 113-, and 114, and from a gear wheel 116 to shaft 95 through thetrain of gears 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, and 122. Each of the gear wheels112, 114, and 122 is constructed in the same manner as gear wheel 98,but the trains of gears which actuate the driven gear wheels on shaft 95are each arranged to transmit motion at a speed corresponding with thespeed of the punch or other working member, with which the train ofgears is associated.

. The operation of the timing mechanism,

' arrows.

tuated in the direction indicated by the arrows in Figs. 6 and 11, untilany one of the cams 83 is brought into actuating relation to the lever88 associated therewith, said lever will be oscillated to set thecorresponding clutch 80 in motion transmitting position, thereby settingin motion one of the gear wheels 33, 48, 65,0r 116, and such motionwill, in each case, be transmitted to shaft 95 and timing drum 82 toactuate the same in the direction indicated by said This motion willcontinue until cam 84 actuates lever 88 in the opposite direction torelease the clutch.

It will be observed in Fig. 11 that the cams 83 and 84 are arranged uponthe timing drum in zones or annular belts extending about the drum, thecams in each zone being associated with but one of the clutch settinglevers, but the cams in all the zones, taken together, are so arrangedthat one of the clutches will always beset in motion transmittingposition, the trains of reduction gears interposed between themaindriving shaft and the back shaft 95 of the timing mechanism beingarranged to divide the entire time occupied by a revolution of thetiming drum, overlapping movements being, however, permissible in somecases. For example, it is possible to start the motion of eccentric 21from its normal retractive position a' little before eccentric 12 hascompleted its half turn movement from such position, as above explained.It is also possible to have both eccentrics 12 and'21 move from theirrespective work clamping and work shaping positions to the retractedpositions simultaneously. Further, if automatic blank feeding mechanismis connected with gear wheel 140 as hereinafter described, it is alsopossible to commence the operation of feeding in a blank before thepunch is fully retracted. .The sequence of operations and the arc ofshaft rotation will, in each case, depend upon the adjustment of thecams 83 and 84 upon the drum.

By comparing Fig. 11 withFig. 12, it

will be observed that cams 83 and 84 in zone 2' control the clutch 80associated with gear wheel 116. This gear wheel drives timing shaft 95and drum 82 during the feeding-in interval indicated by the arrow linez" in Fig. 12; Before the timing drum has been advanced to a positionwhere cam 84 in zone z' disengages the assoclated clutch,

one of the cams 83 in zone j, (the lower cam 83 in Fig. 11), will haveactuated the second lever 88 from the left hand of the series in Fig. 6to lock gear wheel 33 to shaft 30, thereby transmitting motion througheccentric 12 and frame 6 to the punch 2 for a clamping operation. Thismotion will continue until the next succeeding cam 84 releases theclutch, shaft 10 and eccentric 12 having, in the meantime, revolved aonehalf turn. But simultaneously with the releasing operation of thiscam 84, in zone cam 83in zone is will set the clutch 80 controlling gearwheel 48, shaft 20, and eccentric 21. Therefore the downward movementof'punch 2 will be continued by addition of the downward 'movement ofthe frame 8 to the preceding downward movement of the frame 6 and punch2. The downward movement of frame 8 will, of course, continue until thenext succeeding cam 84 in zone is releases the clutch which controlsgear wheel 48. Simultaneously with this release, cam 83 in zone Z willset the clutch controlling the motion of gear wheel 65, whereupon theside bumping or squeezing operation will be performed, as aboveexplained, this motion being terminated by cam 84 in zone Z. At thisstage,- the second cam 83 in zone j connects up gear wheel 33, thereby.Withdrawing the motion is terminated by cam 84 in zone j,. the secondcam 83 in zone is will operate 'to connect up gear wheel 48, liftingframe 8 for the knock out operation. When the second cam 84 in zoneterminates this movement, the feeding in cam 83 in zone 2' will havereturned to operative position, thereby completingthe cycle; z'. 6., onecomplete revolution of the timing drum accompanied by a completerevolution of the crank motion mechanisms. The relative length of theintervals is shown in Fi 12' by radial lines and arrows i, j, k, Z j"and k respectively.

- punch by lifting frame 6. By the time this i It may be desirable, forsome purposes;

to arrange cams 83 and 84 so as, in some instances, to leave a gap inthe cycle of operations as above described, whereby one operation may becompleted and a dwell permitted before the next one in the series hasbeen commenced. In order to provide for such a dwell or period ofinaction, I have provided an additional zone men the timing drum towhich a set of earns 83 and 84 may be added as indicated in Fig. 1.1.

These cams control the motion of the right hand lever .88 in Fig. 6 tooperate a clutch 80 associated with a gear wheel 130, the motiming shaft95 and drum 82 through the train of gears 131, 132, and 133, eccentriction of which may be transmitted to the 134, pawl 135, and ratchet wheel136 fast on the ratchet feed mechanism 135, 135 to advance the timingshaft 95 to a point where the cycle of operations to be produced in themembers will be recommenced. For example, gear wheel 11.6 has beenillustrated and described as operating the timing mechanism during thefeeding-in interval; i. 3., the interval when the blank is being placedin position upon the matrix and clamping plate. Itis not essential to myinvention whether this feeding-in operation be manually performed orwhether automatic mechanism be provided for this purpose and driven fromshaft 30 through a gear wheel 140 provided for this purpose. Feeding-inmechanism is not illustrated as this forms no part of the inventionherein claimed, and where it is not employed,I may 'dispense with thegear wheel 116 and the train of gears 117 to 122 inclusive, and in suchcase, I may adjust the cams 83 and 84 in zones m to positionscorresponding with the cams 83 and 84 as illustrated in zone 2'.Thereupon, the ratchet feed mechanism operatedthrough gear wheels 130will be substituted, functionally, for the train of gears operatedthrough gear wheel=116.

Levers 88 are preferably each provided with a spring-actuated latch pin137 having a tapered end adapted to seat in V-shaped notches formed in aframe. member 138. When lever 88 is actuated, pin 137 will beresiliently retracted until its extremity passes over the apex 139formed by the walls of the notches, after which lever 88 will be urgedby the reactionary pressure of pin 137 in the direction in which it isbeing actuated by the operating cam on the timing drum. "This tends topositively complete the lever movement and accelerates the movement ofthe associated clutch 80.

Latch pin 137 may have suflicient pressure to impart an independentpositive throw to t the clutch after'the timing drum cam has initiallymoved the lever until the latchhas been carried across the high point139.

1 Compound punch,

"159 upon frame 149. Frame 1-48 maybe directly actuated from a shaft 152'tl11'oi1gl1 eccentric 153 and eonnectin'g member 154;

The lower end, of this frame is provided with one element "-ofthecompound punch, consisting of a hollow member 1J56 ,This frame 148 isalsoprovided with bearingsin which a shaft 160is'journaledwhichtransmits its motion through cam 161 andlfconnectingmember'162toframe 149, the lower end orwhicl carries anotherelement157of the vetrically through the element 156. Similarly, shaft165 is carried by frame 149 and transmits motion through eccentric 166and connecting member 167 to frame 150, the

lower end of which carries the central element 168 of the punch.

The arrangement of the eccentrics, the sliding frames and the punchelements is such that a half turn of shaft 152, from its position asindicated in Fig. 13, will clamp the'blank 170 and carry it into thematrix cavity 144 for an initial shaping operation. The side margins ofthe blank will thereupon be clamped between the punch element 15,6 andthe side walls of the matrix cavity 144. T hereupon, a half revolutionof shaft 160 will move frame 149 downwardly and thereby force punchelement 157 downwardly into matrix cavity 145, after which, a halfrevolution of shaft 165 will actuate frame 150 to move the central punchelement 168 downwardly into the matrix cavity 146. All of the movableelements may then be simultaneously retracted, if desired.

It will be observed that the matrix cavities are of different lengths,but the eccentrics are also of differing sizes, each eccentric beingadapted to transmit motion corresponding with the distance to hetraveled by its associated punch element. The actuating connections ofthe respective shafts 152, 160, and 165 are not illustrated, since thesewill be similar to those illustrated in connection withthe crank motionmechanisms of Figure I I 1 Stripping mechanism.

In some'classes of operations, and in the use of some'materials, thereis a tendency for the blank to adhere to and withdraw from the matrixwith the punch. To release the work, in such cases, I employ'thestripping mechanism illustrated in Fig; '4, in which a cross bar 175 isprovided with one or more depending stripper pins or projections 176which extend through apertures in the punch and which are held in] arelatively stationary positionduring the final upward movement of thepunch by therods 177 whichsiipport said cross bar-175. With thisconstruction, the final upward .movement of the punch will cause thepins17 6"to project below the puncli and push off? or strip tlie'tblankfronrtlie punch, whereupon the blank is permittedto drop. j

Zllodified constructions. g v k t g i Rferring to Figl l lefit' will be;observed" that my invention may also. be applied-j to a form ofconstruction in which both the work shaping -members' are movable i 3The in atrix 1 is supported in suitable g'iiides 'l80 l a'long which itis vertically jmovable, the plunger or-Ip i-nch 2? being'ca'rriedyby asliding cross and connecting members 22. The clamping 10 plate, or knockout plate, 25 is supported by the posts 185 from the frame bar 186. Inthis construction, assuming the parts to be in position illustrated inFig..14, a onehalf turn of shaft 10 will move the punch 2 downwardly andclamp the work between it and the plate 25, after which a one-half turnof shaft 20 will lift the matrix 1 for a work shaping operation. Thisconstruction avoids most of the objections which have heretofore existedto machines in which the; matrix is actuated for a work shapingoperation, for, while in the machines heretofore constructed, themovement of the matrix was continuous, therefore necesitat-- ing itsretraction below the clamping plate while the work was being placed inposition, I am enabled to support the matrix in a fixed position, withits upper surface on a level with the clamping plate, while the work isbeing placed in position, and also during the clamping operation, sincethe movements of the crank mechanisms are independent of each other andare controlled insuch a manner that the work clamping operation may becompleted before the movement begins which ultimately effects the workshaping operation, and by providing means for automatically starting andstopping the respective crank shafts, the several operations may becommenced and completed in definite intervals and in a predeterminedorder, and may also be performed as rapidly as the character of the workwill permit.

Referringto Fig. 15, it will be observed that the matrix 1 is stationaryas is'also the .case in Fi 1, but instead of employing a clamping p atewithin the matrix, I employ a blank holder 190, through which the punch2 operates for work shaping operations. In this construction, the slide191 carries the blank holder 190 and is directly actuated from shaft 192through eccentric 193 and connecting member 194, whereas the punch 2 isdirectly actuated from shaft 196 through eccentric 197 and connectingmember 198, operating through slide 199 which carries the punch. In thisconstruction, the punch 2 derives its movement entirely from shaft 196and eccentric 197, Whereas slide 191 and 'clamping member 190 areindependently operated from shaft 192 1' v and eccentric 193.

While the member 192 has been described merely as the clamping memberitis, of

course, not material to my invention whether this member simply performsa clamping operation or whether it is utilized to also perform aninitial work shaping operation.

Summary.

I attach great importance to the use of separately acting crank motionmechanisms for effecting the clamping andwork shaping operationsrespectively. And I further regard as of great importance the provisionof automatic means for starting and stopping these mechanisms. These twofeatures make it possible for me to apply my invention to either theform of construction shown in Fig. 1, or the form of construction shownin Fig. 14, although for reasons stated above, the form of constructionshown in Fig. 1 is preferred, in that it enables me to provide anabsolutely rigid matrix to which the work feeding mechanisms, gages,etc., may be readily attached.

These two features also provide means for securing an almost endlessvariety'of differential movements of the movable work shaping member orpress, with any desired periods of dwell, and a great variation in speedin the different stages of operation, the speed being dependent not onlyupon the gear ratio, but also upon whether both cranks are insimultaneous operation or whether they are operating separately. A veryquick retractive movement is possible by simultaneously operating bothcranks for the retractive half turn, whereby the speed developed byeachcrank mechanism is added to that developed by the other.

Further advantages are found in the fact that the strain u on the crankand crank shaft developed y the resistance of the work to the movementof the work shaping member is reduced in the respective crank shafts inproportion to-the reduction in the length of the stroke developed byeach crank, or eccentric; also in the fact that the motion developed bythe initial crank, or eccentric, may be utilized not only for clamping,but for a part of the work shaping op- .eration; also in the fact that,inasmuch as -the proportionate length of the respective connectinggears, and the other parts for transmitting motion, below the floor linewith reference to which the press is set, constitutes an advantageousarrangement, in

which liability to accident is eliminated and.

greater accessibility for adjustment of the parts is provided. At thesame time, the bed of the press is accessible by the operators from allsides, without interference. A further advantage resides in thearrangement of the matrix of the press within the bed of the press andflush with the surface thereof, whereby the bed of the press affords asmooth topped table over which the blanks and the shaped bars formedfrom the blanks are handled much more conveniently. This latterarrangement also permits the location within the bed of the mechanismfor imparting a direct thrust upon the sides of the matrix. It will beobserved that the thickness of the bed of the press is increased, Fig.1, so as to resist the additional strains to which it 'issubjected.

By arranging the driving shaft, the gears, the eccentric shafts, and theconnections therefrom below the fioor line, it is possible to providefor spraying the whole of the mechanisms for actuating the punch with ashower of oil, whereby an efficient system of lubrication may beconstantly maintained. The oil dripping from the press may be collected,and after filtration may be again' sprayed over the mechanism of thepress with a minimum waste and complete saving of the time heretoforerequired for frequent lubrication, and at the same time avoid theconsequences following neglect in this particular.

In a divisional application filed by me on March 8, 1920, Serial#363,957, I have claimed certain of the features of construction hereindisclosed, it being my purpose to limit the claims of the presentapplication to a drawing press in which the work shaping members have arelatively fast movement from their initial position to clampingposition, followed by a retarded movement,

to perform the drawing operation, with the provision of means foreffecting the movements in the order described, and preserving theclamping relation during the drawing operation.

I claim 1. In a drawing press, the combination with a movable Workshaping member, of

means for moving said member into work ing position and separatelyacting means for additionally actuating it in the same direction for adrawing operation.

2. In a drawing press, the combination with a movable work shapingmember, of means for moving said member into work clamping position,progressively retarding said movement during the final work engagingportion thereof, and separately acting means for additionally actuatingsaid member in the same direction for a drawing operation withaccelerated motion in the initialportion and retarding motion in thefinal portion of such additional movement.

3,-In a drawing press, the combination with a movable work shapingmember, of a relatively stationary matrix, a movable work clampingmember within the matrix, means for normally supporting said clampingmember in work receiving position adjacent to the margins of the matrix,means for initially actuating the work shaping member to clamp the workbetween it and said clamping member with retarded mo tion during theclamping operation, and separately acting means for additionallyactuating the work shaping member in the same direction to force thework into the matrix for a work shaping operation.

4. In a drawing press, the combination with a movable work shapingmember, of

a relatively stationary matrix, a movable member during the initial andfinal portions of the work shaping operation.

5. In a drawing press, the combination with a set of frames arranged forrelative sliding movement upon each other, a punch mounted upon one ofsaid frames, a clamping plate mounted" on the other frame, a relativelystationary support with which the clamping plate frame is in slidingengagement, a matrix mountedupon said support in the path of the punch,an actuating member upon the clamping plate frame adapted to engage andactuate the punch supporting frame to move the punch into and out ofclamping position with reference to said clamping plate, and anotheractuating member mounted on said support and adapted to actuate bothframes simultaneously to move the punch into and out of the matrix.

said support in the path of the punch,

an actuating member upon the clamping plate frame adajpted to engage andactuate the punch supporting frame to move the punch into and out ofclamping position with reference to said clamping plate, and anotheractuating member mounted on said support and. adapted to actuate bothframes simultaneously to move the punch into and out of the matrix, saidclamping plate being located within the 'matrix and normally supportedfor clamping operations substantially at the margins of the matrix.

7. In a drawing press, the combination with a movable work shapingmember, of a rotary member, connections adapted to transmit motion fromthe rotary member to reciprocate the work shaping member, a secondrotary member, connections adapted to transmit motion therefrom toreciprocate the first mentioned rotary mem-' her, and impart additionalmovement to the work shaping member, and means for actuating the rotarymembers in half turn movements.

8. In a drawing press, the combination with a movable work shapingmember, of a rotary member, connections adapted to transmit motion fromthe rotary member to reciprocate the, work shaping member, a secondrotary member, connections adapted to transmit motion therefrom toreciprocate the first mentioned rotary member, and impart additionalmovement to the work shaping member, and means for actuating the rotarymembers in half turn movements, and each independently of the rotarmovement of the other.

9. n a drawing press, the combination with a movable work shapingmember, of a rotary member, connections adapted to transmit motion fromthe rotary member to reciprocate the work shaping member, a secondrotary member, connections adapted totransmit motion therefrom toreciprocate the first mentioned rotary member, and impart additionalmovement to the work shaping member, and means for actuating the rotarymembers in half turn movements, one member being actuated while,

the other is at rest.

10. In a drawing press, the combination with a movable work shapingmember, of a rotary member, connections adapted to transmit motion fromthe rotary member to reciprocate the work shaping, member, a secondrotary member, connections adapted to transmit motion. therefromtoreciprocate the first mentioned rotary memher, and impart additionalmovement to the work shaping member, and means for actuating the rotarymembers 111 half turn movements, and in succession.

11. In a drawing press, the combination with a matrix supportlng member,a matrix mounted thereon, a punch, crank motion mechanism for actuating,the punch into and out of work clamping position, and other crank motionmechanism adapted to additionally actuate the punch into and out of thematrix for work shaping operations.

12. In a drawing press, the combination with a matrix supporting member,a matrix mounted thereon, a punch, crank motion mechanism for actuatingthe punch into and out of work clamping position, other crank motionmechanism adapted to additionally actuate the punch into and out of thematrix for work shaping operations, and means for actuating saidmechanisms alternately in half turn movements.

13. In a drawing press, the combination with a matrix supporting member,a matrix mounted thereon, a punch, crank motion mechanism for actuatingthe punch into and out of work clamping position, and other crank motionmechanism adapted to additionally actuate the punch into and out of thematrix for work shaping operations, and means for actuating said mechanisms in sequence for work clamping and work shaping operations.

14. In a drawing press, the combination with a matrix supporting member,a matrix mounted thereon, a punch, crank motion mechanism for actuatingthe punch into and out of work clamping position, other crank motionmechanism adapted to additionally actuate the punch into and out of thematrix for work shaping operations, and means for actuating one of saidmechanisms-for a Work clamping operation and v .plate, a punch, andmeans for utilizing the eccentric on another of said shafts toreciprocate the punch toward and away from the-clamping plate.

16. In a drawing press, the combination of a plurality of rotary shafts,each provided with an eccentric, connections adapted to transmit motionfrom the eccentric on one shaft to reciprocate the other shaft, aclamping plate, means for utilizing one of the eccentrics to reciprocatethe clamping plate, a punch, means for utilizing the eccentric onanother of said shafts to reciprocate the punch toward and away from the17. In a drawing press, the combination of a plurality of rotary shafts,each provided with an eccentric, connections adapted to transmit motionfrom the eccentric on one shaft to reciprocate the other shaft, aclamping plate, means for utilizing one of the eccentrics to reciprocatethe clamping plate, a punch, means for utilizing the eccentric onanother of said shafts to reciprocate the punch toward and away from theclamping plate, means for rotating one of the shafts to effect arelative approach of the punch and clamping plate, and means forrotating the other of said shafts to actuate the punch and clampingplate simultaneously in the same direction.

18. In a. drawing press, the combination with a plurality of crankmotion mechanisms, a movable work shaping member, means for actuatingthe work shaping member from each of the crank motion mechanisms and inthe same direction, and means for automatically actuating the crankmotion mechanisms in a predetermined order of sequence. I

19. In a drawing press, the combination with a plurality of crank motionmechanisms, a movable Work shaping member, means for actuating the workshaping memher from each of the crank motion mechanisms and in the samedirection, meansfor automatically actuating one of the crank motionmechanisms after the other has started, and means for stopping one ofsaid crank motion mechanisms While the other is completing its workingstroke.

20. In a drawing press, the combination with a plurality of crank motionmechanisms, a movable work shaping member, means for actuating the workshaping member from each of the crank motion mechanisms and in the samedirection, means for automatically actuating one of the crank motionmechanisms 'after the other, has

started, and means for utilizing said crank motion mechanisms to bringthe work shaplng member substantially to rest in its clamping positionand also at the end of its work shaping movement.

21. In a drawing press, the combination with a plurality of crank motionmechanlsms, a movable work shaping member, means for actuating the workshaping member from each of the crankmotion mechanisms and in the samedirection, and means for automatically actuating one of the crank motionmechanisms after the other has started, means for automaticallycontrolling the movements of said mechanisms to stop them on completinga half turn with their movements added in the work shaping member, andthen starting them for a second half turn to retract the work shapingmember.

22. In a drawing press, the combination with a set of cooperating workshaping members, of a rotary actuator adapted to effect a relativeapproach of said members for one operation in a half turn movement ofthe'actuator, and a separately acting rotary actuator adapted to imparta further movement of said members in the same di- 'rection for a secondoperation in a half turn movement of said separately acting actuator.

23. In a drawing press, the combination with a set of cooperating 'workshaping members, of crank motion mechanism adapted to effect a relativeapproach of operation followed by a work shaping operation 'and asubsequent retraction of said members from each other.

24. In a drawing press, the combination with a set of cooperating workshaping members, of a rotary actuator adapted to effect a relativeapproach of said members for one operation in a half turn movement ofthe actuator, a separately acting rotary actuator adapted to impart afurther movement of said members in the same direction for a secondoperation in a half turn move ment of said separately acting actuator,and automatic means for controlling the movements of said actuators toprovide definite predetermined intervals of work shaping memberapproach, work shaping opera tion of said members, and member separation and retraction.

25. In a drawing press, the combination with a set of cooperating workshaping members, .of a set of crank motion mechanisms, each adapted toeflE'ect one operation upon the work, means for separately transmittingmotion to said mechanisms from a common source of power, and means forindependently disengaging each of said motion transmitting connections.

26. In a drawing press, the combination with a set of cooperating workshaping members, of a set of crank motion mechanisms, each adapted toeffect one operation upon the work, means for separately transmittingmotion to said; mechanisms from a common source of power), and means forindependently disengaglng each of, said mo-J tion transmittingconnections, and automatic timing mechanism controllin the respectivemotion transmitting perio s.

27. The combination with a set of cooperative members, crank. motionmechanism for moving one of said members toward and away from. theother, separately acting crank motion mechanism arranged to effect afurther approach and recession of said members, means for actuating saidmechanisms to successively initiate said movements of approach, andmeans for stopping one of said mechanisms substantially at the limit ofthe approaching movement, which it produces, and during the workingmovement produced by the other.

28. The combination with a set of cooperative members, crank motionmechanism for moving one of said members toward and away from the other,separately acting crank motion mechanism arranged to effect a furtherapproach and recession of said members, means for actuating saidmechanisms to successively initiate said movements of approach, andmeans for stopping one of said mechanisms substantially at the limit ofthe approaching movement which it produces, and means for automaticallycontrolling said motion transmitting mechanisms to effect theapproaching and receding movements in a predetermined order of sequence.I

29. In a drawing press, the combination with a set of cooperative workshaping members, of crank motion mechanism adapted to effect a relativeapproach of said members for one operation, and separately acting crankmotion mechanism adapted to subsequently impart a furtherrelativemovement to said members for a second operation.

30. In a drawing press, the combination .with relatively fixed and workshaping members, of crank motion mechanism for effecting a relativeapproach of said members fora work clamping operation, similarmechanism' for effecting a further movement of said members in the samedirection for a work shaping operation, means for utilizing both of saidmechanisms to subsequently retract said members from each other, andautomatic meansv adapted to transmit motion to said mechanismsalternately and simultaneously in a predetermined cycle of suchmovements.

31. In a drawing press, the combination of relatively fixed and movablework shaping members, means for actuating the movable member in onedirection and bringing it substantially to rest in clamping relation tothe work, and means for subsequently additionally actuating the movablemember in the same direction with gradual acceleration and bringing itsubstantiall to rest upon completion of a work shaping operation.

32. In a drawing press, the combination with a main frame, a pluralityof cooperative work shaping members, a set of crank motion mechanismsmounted in said main frame in operative relation to the work shapingmembers, and a set of reduction gears for each crank motion mechanism ofthe set located exterior to the main frame and adapted to beindependently actuated from a common source of power.

33. In a drawing press, the combination with a main frame, a set ofcooperative work shaping members, a plurality of crank motion mechanismsmounted in said main frame in operative relation to the work shapingmembers, and a set of reduction gears for each crank motion mechanismlocated exterior to the main frame and provided with means forautomatically connecting the same with a source of power tion of thepress.

34:. In a drawing press, the combination with a set of cooperatingworking members, of a plurality of crank motion mechanisms each adaptedto separately'transmit motion to a working member, and means forseparately actuating said crank motion mechanisms in variable sequence,whereby operations of the working members may be performed eithersimultaneously or in any desired order of sequence.

35. In a drawing press, a movable work clamping and shaping member, incombination with means to move the said member to clamping position, andindpendently acting means to further move the said member to perform thework shaping operation.

36. In a drawing press, a movable work clamping and shaping member, incombination with means to move the said member to clamping position,independently acting means to further move the said member to performthe drawing operation, and connections to operate the said means inprogression.

37. In a drawing press, a punch, means to move the punch. into clampingrelation with the blank to be drawn, and other during apredeterminedstage in the operameans which move the punch to perform theI tive movement of the said members toward each other at a given rate ofspeed to clamp the blank to be drawn, in combination with independentmechanism to impart further relative movement to the work shapingmembers at a reduced rate of speed to per.-

form the drawing operation.

41. In a drawing press, a punch anda matrix, means for actuatingthepunch from its initial position with a gradually increasing and thendecreasing speed'through the clearance space between the punch andmatrix, and for further actuating the punch at a relatively reducedspeed to perform the 7 drawing operation.

412. A drawing press provided with a punch and a matrix for shapingarticles from metal blanks, said press comprising means for actuatingthe punch and matrix one with relation to the other so that such partsapproach each other at a relatively high speed to take up the clearance.of their lateral separation and also actuating the said parts so thatthey pass each other at a relatively slow speed to perform the drawingoperation.

43. A drawing press provided. with a work shaping member, said memberhaving a series of movements performed in succession, the first of suchmovements to work clamping position bein progressively retarded, and thesecond 0 such movements to work shaping position being relatively slowin the initial and final portions of the movement but accelerated duringthe intermediate portion thereof, and means for actuating the workshaping member as and in the manner described.

44. In a drawing press, a punch and a matrix, a knock-out plate withinthe matrix and normally standing flush therewith, mechanism adapted toaccelerate the punch into clamping relation with the knock-out plate,and means operating independently at reduced speed for moving the punchand knock-out plate while in clamped relation to perform the drawingoperation.

, 45. In a drawing press, a punch and a matrix cooperating to shape ablank, a knock-out plate normally standing flush with the matrix,mechanism adapted to move the punch into clamping relation with theknock-out plate, separate mechanism for actuating the punch to performthe drawing operation, and means for maintaining the clamping relationbetween the punch and the knock-out plate during such operation.

46. In a drawing press, the combination of cooperating work-shapingmembers, mechanism adapted to effect a relative movementof the saidmembers to clamp a blank between them, separately acting nism forimparting further relative movement to said members to perform thedrawing operation, knock-out plate, and means for sustaining it inclamping relation with the punch during the drawing operation.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in the presence of twowitnesses.

REUBEN STANLEY SMITH. Witnesses:

FRED F. POMEBOY, W. E. Reuse.-

mecha-

